Afoxé rhythm is an integral part of Afro-Brazilian culture, especially in Bahia, where it is deeply embedded in the traditions of Candomblé religion. It features prominently in Carnaval parades, echoing the ceremonies of Candomblé with its syncopated and polyrhythmic patterns that capture the essence of this vibrant community. The medium to fast-paced tempo of Afoxé can be marked by a 12/8 time signature, creating a triplet feel, and is played with traditional instruments such djembe, congas, bata drums, and bongos These instrum ents collectively create a rich, layered sound that is central to the festivities and parades. Recordings by Ilê Aiyê, one of the most renowned Afoxé bands, offer an authentic representation of this rhythm and its deep cultural roots.

A typical Afoxé rhythm, which is deeply rooted in Afro-Brazilian traditions, can be expressed in a 12/8 time signature, representing its triplet-based pattern. The fundamental groove of Afoxé can be notated as follows:

In this pattern, ‘X’ represents a note struck on a drum or a bell, and each ‘.’ (dot) represents a rest. The first and fourth beats are usually accented, providing a driving pulse. This rhythm is often played on a variety of instruments, including the agogô bells and atabaques (drums), giving it a layered and polyrhythmic feel. It’s important to note that the above notation is a simplification and that actual playing may involve more complex variations and improvisations.

This pattern forms the basis for the rhythm, and it can be enriched by adding variations and accents. For an auditory example, you can refer to musical pieces and instructional videos that demonstrate Afoxé rhythms, such as those by Mauricio Zottarelli.

Here is one in 4/4